Journal of Holography Applications in Physics

Electric Forces in the Charged SYK Model

Document Type : Regular article

Author

Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305–4060, USA and Sandbox@Alphabet, Mountain View, CA

Abstract

The connection between gravitational force and operator growth, reported in earlier papers, is generalized to include electromagnetic forces. It is shown how in the U(1)-invariant SYK system electric forces emerge through the same mechanisms---the momentum-size correspondence, and operator growth--- that give rise to gravitational force. The unit of electric charge implied by the U(1)-SYK theory is consistent with a Kaluza-Klein radius inverse to the characteristic energy scale of the SYK theory.

Keywords

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Journal of Holography Applications in Physics
Volume 5, Issue 4
October 2025
Pages 1-26
  • Receive Date: 20 September 2025
  • Revise Date: 06 October 2025
  • Accept Date: 04 October 2025