Document Type : Regular article

Authors

• Amit Samaddar ¹
• Dr. Sanasam Surendra Singh ²

¹ NEAR SHIJHA HOSPITAL Langol road

² Department of Mathematics, NIT Manipur

Abstract

We examine holographic and Barrow holographic dark energy (HDE and BHDE) models in the framework of $f(Q,B)$ gravity with $f(Q,B)=\alpha Q^{n}+\beta B^{m}$. The cosmic evolution is analyzed using the Hubble function $H(z)=H_{0}\sqrt{\Omega_{m0}(1+z)^{3}+(1-\Omega_{m0})\left[1+\varepsilon\ln(1+z)\right]}$, constrained through a joint analysis of CC46, DESI DR2 BAO and Pantheon+ datasets. The best-fit parameters are $H_{0}= 67.5868^{+1.2115}_{-1.2320}~\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$, $\Omega_{m0}=0.2654^{+0.0182}_{-0.0170}$ and $\varepsilon= 0.0230^{+0.2614}_{-0.2496}$, consistent with Planck 2018 and mildly alleviating the Hubble tension. For the HDE model, $\omega_{0}\simeq -0.885$ (Hubble cutoff) and $\omega_{0}\simeq -0.742$ (Granda--Oliveros cutoff), while for BHDE, $\omega_{0}\simeq -0.648$, indicating quintessence-like behavior. The NEC and DEC hold, whereas the SEC is violated, supporting cosmic acceleration. The transition redshift is $z_{\mathrm{tr}}\simeq 0.74$, the present value $q_{0} = -0.574$ and the Universe’s age is $t_{0}=13.24~\mathrm{Gyr}$. Compared to HDE, the BHDE model exhibits a smoother and more stable late-time evolution, showing that Barrow entropy corrections enhance the dynamical nature of dark energy in $f(Q,B)$ gravity.

Keywords

• $f(Q
• B)$ gravity
• Holographic and Barrow Holographic dark energy
• observational cosmology
• dark energy dynamics

Main Subjects

• Physics